These are all methodologies used to assess and communicate the environmental impact of products, but they differ in scope, purpose, and reporting frameworks. In simple terms, PCF focuses only on greenhouse gas emissions (measured as CO₂eq); cradle-to-gate LCA evaluates multiple environmental impacts (e.g., carbon footprint, water use, energy use, resource depletion) from raw material extraction to the product leaving the factory (does not consider end-of-life scenarios; and EPD is a standardized document that reports LCA results in a transparent and comparable manner for a product category – in this care flexible PU foam.